Soviet Union (New Union)
Union of Soviet Sovereign Republics Союз Советских Суверенных Республик Soyuz Sovetskikh Suverennykh Respublik | |
---|---|
Motto: "Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь!" "Proletarii vsekh stran, soyedinyaytes'!" ("Workers of the World, Unite!") | |
Anthem: "State Anthem of the Soviet Union" "Gosudarstvennyy Gimn Sovetskogo Soyuza" | |
Capital and largest city | Moscow |
Official language and national language | Russian |
Religion | Predominately Orthodox Christianity. See Religion in Russia |
Demonym(s) | Soviets |
Government | Federal semi-presidential republic |
Sergei Ivanov | |
Nikolai Levichev | |
TBD | |
Oksana Dmitriyeva | |
Legislature | Supreme Soviet |
Soviet of the Republics | |
Soviet of the Union | |
Formation | |
• Arrival of Rurik | 862 |
• Kievan Rus' formed | 882 |
1283 | |
• Tsardom proclaimed | 16 January 1547 |
• Empire proclaimed | 22 October 1721 |
• Republic proclaimed | 14 September 1917 |
7 November 1917 | |
30 December 1922 | |
12 June 1990 | |
22 March 1992 | |
Area | |
• Total | Template:Convinfobox (1st) |
Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 277,202,525 (4th) |
• Density | Template:Convinfobox (225th) |
GDP (PPP) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | $6.461 trillion (4th) |
• Per capita | $28,820 (55th) |
GDP (nominal) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | $2.209 trillion (8th) |
• Per capita | $11,305 (61st) |
Gini (2018) |
Template:IncreaseNegative 37.5 Template:Color · 98th |
HDI (2018) |
0.824 Template:Color · 49th |
Currency | Russian ruble (₽) (RUB) |
Time zone | UTC+2 to +12 |
Date format | dd.mm.yyyy |
Driving side | right |
Calling code | +7 |
ISO 3166 code | [[ISO 3166-2:Template:ISO 3166 code|Template:ISO 3166 code]] |
Internet TLD |
The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Sovereign Republics (USSR), is a federal semi-presidential republic in Northern Eurasia. Spanning over 22 million square kilometers and home to 227 million inhabitants, the Soviet Union is the largest country by area and the fourth largest by population.
The East Slavs emerged as a recognisable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. The medieval state of Rus' arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states, until it was finally reunified by the Grand Duchy of Moscow in the 15th century. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which became a major European power, and the third-largest empire in history, stretching from Norway on the west to Canada on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was established and was the world's first constitutionally socialist state.
Joseph Stalin came to power in the mid-1920s. Stalin suppressed all political opposition to his rule, committed the state ideology to Marxism–Leninism, and initiated a centrally planned economy. The Soviet Union would play a decisive role in World War II and came to rival the United States for decades, known as the Cold War. The Soviets and Americans competed for in the nuclear arms race, the space race, and global influence. The Cold War was considered over by 1989 as General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev followed a policy of détente. In the late 1980s and early 90s, Gorbachev undertook a series of reforms to overhaul the Soviet Union and begin a transition to social democracy. During the 1990s and early 2000s, the Soviet economy rapidly expanded with new private enterprise and investment from both foreign and domestic groups.
Since 1991, the Soviet Union is a federal presidential republic. While there are many active political parties, the Communist Party remains the largest in the union.
Etymology[edit | edit source]
Geography[edit | edit source]
History[edit | edit source]
Foreign relations[edit | edit source]
Politics[edit | edit source]
Administrative divisions[edit | edit source]
Republics[edit | edit source]
- Main article: Republics of the Soviet Union